However, biochemistry as a specific scientific discipline began sometime in the 19th century, or a little earlier, depending on which aspect of biochemistry is being focused on. In this sense, the history of biochemistry may therefore go back as far as the ancient Greeks. Gerty Cori and Carl Cori jointly won the Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of the Cori cycle at RPMI.Īt its most comprehensive definition, biochemistry can be seen as a study of the components and composition of living things and how they come together to become life.
Biochemistry is extremely important since it helps individuals learn about complicated topics such as prions. Improving crop cultivation, crop storage, and pest control are also goals. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers. Nutrition studies how to maintain health and wellness and also the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of diseases. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition and agriculture. The mechanisms used by cells to harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. These can be inorganic (for example, water and metal ions) or organic (for example, the amino acids, which are used to synthesize proteins). The chemistry of the cell also depends upon the reactions of small molecules and ions. They provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, bonding, functions, and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, which is the study of the molecular mechanisms of biological phenomena. Biochemistry focuses on understanding the chemical basis which allows biological molecules to give rise to the processes that occur within living cells and between cells, in turn relating greatly to the understanding of tissues and organs, as well as organism structure and function. Almost all areas of the life sciences are being uncovered and developed through biochemical methodology and research.
Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become successful at explaining living processes through these three disciplines. A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields: structural biology, enzymology and metabolism.
Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
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